Shortcut table for vegetable production Technology

 

Crops,  Origin, Edible  Part.

Botanical Name & Family

Soil

Climate

Varieties

Special Horticultural practices

Propagation method

Seed Rate, Spacing & Planting season

Fertilizer dose

Maturity Indices

Harvesting

Yield

Pests

Diseases

Physiol ogical Disorde r

Tomato,   (South America) Fruits

Lycopersicon esculentum   (Solanaceae)

Well drain, sandy loam, PH-6-7.5

Warm & Humid, Temp. 21-270 C

Pusa Ruby, Sioux, Dhanshree, Rajshree, Pusa Gaurav, Arka Vikas, Arka Saurabh, Pusa Sheetal.

Stacking

Seed

400-500 g/ha, 60 x 45 cm, Kharif & Rabi.

FYM-25 t/ha, 100:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

Mature Green stage, Pink Stage, Ripe Stage, Fully Ripe Stage.

Harvesting done manually by plucking at different stage of maturity.

25-30 t/ha, F1- 50-60 t/ha

Fruit borer, White fly, Thrips, leaf minor.

Early blight, late blight, leaf curl virus (WF), Spotted wilt virus (Thrips)

Cracking, Blotchy ripening, Blossom end rot etc.

Brinjal ( Indo- Burma or India) Fruits

Solanum melongena (Solanaceae)

Well drain, sandy loam, red lateritic, PH-6-6.5

Warm & Humid, Temp. 18-220 C

Pusa Purple Long, Pusa  Kranti, Pusa Anmol, Manjri Gota, Krishna, Pragati, Arka Navneet, Phule Harit.

--

Seed

600-800 g/ha 60 x 60 cm,  60 x 45 cm, 45 x 45 cm &  Kharif, Rabi, Summer.

FYM-25 t/ha, 100:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

Desirable size, colour & tender stage

Harvesting done by cutting with a small pruning shear or sharp knife

20-30 t/ha, F1- 40-50 t/ha

Brinjal fruit and shoot borer, stem borer, aphids

Phomopsis blight, damping off, wilt, little leaf (Jassids)

--

Chilli (Mexico) Fruits

Capsicum annum (Solanaceae)

Fertile, sandy loam,  PH-6-8

Warm & Humid, Temp.

Pusa Jwala, Agnirekha, Pusa Sadabahar, Pant C1, Arka Mohini, Arka Gaurav, Arka Lohit.

--

Seed

1-1.5 Kg/ha, 60 x 45 cm, 45 x 45 cm & Kharif, Rabi, Summer.

FYM-25 t/ha, 100:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

Harvested at two stages Green in colour & dry chilli when red in colour.

Fruit are picked either green or fully red ripen.

5-7 t/ha

Thrips

Anthracnose, leaf curl(WF & Thrips), mosaic (Aphids)

Blossom  end rot,  Frog eye rot.

Okra  (Africa) Fruits

Abelmoschus esculantus ( Malvaceae)

Sandy loam to clay, well drain, PH-66.8

Warm & Humid, Temp. 20-300 C, continues rain are harmful.

Pusa Sawani, Parbhani Kranti, Arka Anamica, Punjab Padmini, phule Kirti, Phule Uttakarsha.

--

Seed

12-15 Kg/ha, 45 x 30 cm, Kharif & Summer.

FYM-25 t/ha, 100:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

Green tender,  Size 6-8cm, 6-7 days after opening of flower

Harvesting done by picking of tender fruit.

12-15 t/ha

Shoot and borer, jassids, White fly (WF)

Yellow vein mosaic virus (WF), Enation leaf curl virus (WF).

--

Onion (central Asia) Leaves, Bulb

Allium cepa (Alliaceae or Amaryllidaceae)

Sandy loam with good organic matter, PH6-7.5.

Cool season grows well under mild climate, temp. 20-25oC.

N-53, Baswant 780, Phule Safed, Pusa Red, Phule Utkarsha, Arka  Kalyan, Phule Suvarna.

--

Seed

10-12 Kg/ha for rabi, 12-15 Kg/ha for Kharif. 15 x 10 cm, 12.5 x 7.5 cm, Kharif, Rabi, Summer.

FYM-25 t/ha,   150:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

3-4 month after transplanting, Neck Fall 60- 70%,

Harvesting is done by pulling out plants when tops are drooping but still green.

20-25 t/ha,

Thrips, onion fly, leaf eating caterpillar, head borer, cut worm.

Purple blotch, onion smut, downey mildew.

Poor seed germinatio n, Bolting, Poor bulb storage.

Cabbage  (Mediterra nean region) Head

Brassica oleracea var. capitata (Brassicaceae or Cruciferare)

Well drain, sandy to heavy clay loam, PH 6-8.

Cool season crop, temp. 13-16 oC,

Golden Acre, Pride of India, Pusa Drum Head, Copenhagen Market, Pusa Mukta, Pusa Ageti, Pusa Sambandh.

--

Seed

400-500 g/ha,  45 x 15 cm, 60 x 45 cm, Kharif, Rabi

FYM-25 t/ha, 150:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

Colour changes to light green at maturity, compact head.

The heads are cut with sickle attached with some wrapper leaves.

20-30 t/ha

Diamond back moth, cabbage butterfly, mustard saw fly.

Damping off,  club rot, black rot,

--

Cauliflower (Mediterra nean region) Curd

Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (Brassicaceae or Cruciferare

Sandy loam, Well drain, PH 6.5-7.5

Cool season crop, temp. 17-20 oC

Pusa Ketki, Pusa Himjyoti, Pusa Snowball K-1, Pusa Meghna, Hisar1, Pusa Deepali, Pant Shubhra. Arka kanti

Blanching

Seed

400-500 g/ha 60 x 45 cm,  45 x 45 cm, Kharif, Rabi

FYM-15 t/ha, 100:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

Curd attained desirable size, head are compact.

Curd cut with sharp knife with 2-3 large leaves to protect the curd.

15-20 t/ha

Diamond back moth, cabbage butterfly, mustard saw fly.

Damping off,  club rot, black rot,

Riceyness, fuzziness, whiptail, browning, leafyness.

Crops  Origin, Edible  Part.

Botanical Name & Family

Soil

Climate

Varieties

Special Horticultural practices

Propn method

Seed Rate, Spacing & Planting season

Fertilizer dose

Maturity Indices

Harvesting

Yield

Pests

Diseases

Physiol ogical Disorde r

Cucumber (India) Fruits

Cucumis sativas (Cucurbitaceae)

Sandy loam to clay soil.  PH 5.5 -6.8

Warm season crop, Temp. 18- 240C

Phule Shubhangi, Pusa Sanyog, Himangi, Poona Khira, Sheetal, Pusa Uday, Swarna Ageti.

Stacking

Seed

2.5-3.5 Kg/ha, 1 x 0.5 m Kharif & Summer.

FYM-15 t/ha, 100:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

Tender/ immature stage, 60-70 days after sowing

Regular harvesting of fruit is necessary, to avoid inhabitation of further fruit set on plant

25-35 t/ha

Fruit Fly,    Red Pumpkin beetle,    Epilachna Beetle,    Aphids,    Mites.

Cucumber mosaic virus,    Yellow vein,    Green Mottle Mosaic.    Fusarium Wilt,   Mosaic Virus,   Bud Necrosis,   Powdery mildew,   Downy mildew.

Water Melon (Tropical Africa) Fruits

Citrullus lanatus (Cucurbitaceae)

Loam & Sandy loam best, rich in organic matter, PH 6-6.5

Warm season crop, Temp. 24270C, high temp & low humidity suitable for water melon.

Sugar Baby, Arka Manik, Arka Jyoti, Pusa Bedana  (seedless variety), Durgapura Meetha, Durgapura Keshar, Durgapura Lal.

--

Seed

3.5-5 kg/ha 2 x 0.5 m, Summer

25 t FYM/ha, 100:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

95-120 days after seed sowing, change of ground spot color green to yellow & dull-thud sound on thumping the fruit.

Harvested at full ripening stage,

25-35 t/ha

Musk Melon (Tropical Africa) Fruits

Cucumis melo (Cucurbitaceae)

Loam & Sandy loam best, rich in organic matter, PH 6-7.5

High temp. & low humidity for fruit ripening, temp. 20-250C.

Arka Jeet, Arka Rajhans, Pusa Madhuras, Pusa Sharbati, Pusa Rasraj, Panjab Raseela, Hara Madhu, Durgapura Madhu, Hisar Saras.

--

Seed

5-6 kg/ha, 1.5 x 0.5m,  90 x 60 cm Summer

15 t FYM/ha, 100:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

Mature fruit separate (slip) easily from stem is called full slip stage, half slip stage half stem separate from stem easily.

Half slip for long  distance market, Full slip stage for local market & 90-125   day after seed sowing,

10-15 t/ha

Bottle Gourd (South Africa or India)  Fruits

Lagenarian siceraria (Cucurbitaceae)

Well drain sandy loam with rich in organic matter,  PH 6-7

warm and humid climate and slightly cool, temp. 24270C.

Samrat, Pusa Sandesh, Pusa Meghdoot, Arka Bahar,Pusa Navneet, Pusa Manjari, Panjab Komal.

Stacking or training of vines

Seed

3-4 kg/ha, 2.5 x 1 m,  3 x 1 m, Kharif & Rabi

15 t FYM/ha, 100:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

Tender/ immature stage, 60-70 days after seed sowing

The fruit harvested at attain marketable stage, harvesting should be carefully so fruit do not get Bruised.

25-30 t/ha

Ridge Gourd (Asia)  Fruits

Luffa acutangula (Cucurbitaceae)

Sandy loam with rich in organic matter PH 6-7

Warm season crop, warm and humid climate, Temp. 24-270C,

Pusa Nasdar, Co-1, Co-2, Satputia, Panjab Sada Bahar, PKM-1, Arka Sujath, Konkan Harita.

Stacking or training of vines

Seed

3.5-5 kg/ha 2 x 1 m, Kharif & Summer

15 t FYM/ha, 100:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

Tender/ immature stage, 60-90 days after seed sowing,

The fruit harvested at attain marketable stage after 5-7 day after anthesis,

12-15 t/ha

Sponge Gourd (India) Fruits

Luffa cylindrica (Cucurbitaceae)

Sandy loam with rich in organic matter PH 6-7

Warm season crop, warm and humid climate, Temp. 24-270C,

Pusa Chikni, Pusa Supriya, Pusa Sneha, Arka Sumeet, Pusa Nutan.

Stacking or training of vines

Seed

2.5-3.5 kg/ha, 2 x 1 m, Kharif & Summer

15 t FYM/ha, 100:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

Tender/ immature stage, 60-90 days after seed sowing

The fruit harvested at attain marketable stage after 5-7 day after anthesis,

8-12 t/ha

Bitter Gourd (India) Fruits

Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae)

Sandy loam with rich in organic matter PH 6-7

Warm season crop, Temp. 25300C,

Hirkani, Phule Green Gold, Pusa Do Mausami, Pusa Vishesh, Arka Harit, Konkan Tara.

Stacking or training of           vines

Seed

4-6 kg/ha, 2 x 1 m,  Kharif & Summer

15 t FYM/ha, 100:50:50 Kg NPK/ha

Tender/ immature stage, 50-60 days after seed sowing,

Harvested at fruit attain marketable stage for 2-3 week after anthesis

10-15 t/ha